The American Heart Association and the American College of Cardiology have published their first updated recommendations for treating high blood pressure since 2017. They rely on a stricter approach from doctors and pay special attention to the link between alcohol and heart health.

Normal blood pressure remains below 120/80 mm Hg. Between 120–129/80 mm Hg is defined as “elevated”, and values ​​above 130/80 mm Hg now require action. What is new is that doctors must first suggest lifestyle changes and monitor their effect for a period of three to six months. If there is no sufficient result, the inclusion of medication is recommended - even at lower values ​​than those for which medications were previously prescribed (above 140).

Risks and consequences
High blood pressure often has no symptoms, but it puts a strain on the heart and blood vessels. Without treatment, it damages arteries and increases the risk of heart attack, stroke, kidney disease and dementia. “Lowering blood pressure has been shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, and we now know that it also protects against cognitive decline,” Dr. Daniel Jones, chairman of the committee that drafted the guidelines, told CNN.

The recommendations emphasize:

• maintaining a healthy weight,
• eating a diet rich in heart-healthy foods,
• limiting salt intake,
• regular physical activity – at least 150 minutes of moderate exercise per week plus strength training, and managing stress.

The most significant change is related to alcohol consumption. If previously moderate use was allowed – up to one drink per day for women and up to two for men – now the recommendation is abstinence. The reason is the accumulation of convincing evidence that alcohol raises blood pressure and accelerates the risk of cardiovascular disease. "Many people enjoy a drink, but it is now clear that even small amounts can be harmful. The right path is complete abstinence," stressed Dr. Jones. | BGNES